Page 13 - NIS Malayalam January 16-31

ap-l-½-Z³ Bw-t¥m Hm-dn-bâ tIm-tf-Pv ap-X F-Fw-bp h-sc
1877 Â kÀ k-¿-Zv A-l-½-Zv Jm³ B¬ A-en-K-Uv ap-Éow kÀ-h-I-em-im-e Øm-]n-¨-Xv. t\-c-s¯ C-Xv ap-
l-½-Z³ Bw-t¥m Hm-dn-bâ tIm-tf-Pv F-¶m-W-dn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶-Xv. 1920  A-en-K-Uv ap-Éow bq-Wn-th-gv--kn-än
N-« {]-Im-cw C-Xv kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bm-bn. a-e-¸p-dw (tI-c-fw), apÀ-jn-Zm-_m-Zv (]-Ýn-a _w-KmÄ), In-j³ K-©v
(_n-lmÀ) F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn 3 Hm-^v Iym-¼-kp-I-fp-ïv. 2020 Un-kw-_À 20 \v kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS i-Xm-Ðn
B-tLm-j-§-fp-sS `m-K-am-bn {]-[m-\-a-{´n t]m-ÌÂ Ìm-¼v ]p-d-¯n-d-¡n.

hn-iz-`m-c-Xn kÀ-h-I-em-im-e

cm-Py-s¯ G-ä-hpw ]p-cm-X-\-am-b kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-
bm-b hn-iz-`m-c-Xn, 1921 Â Kp-cp-tZ-hv c-_o-{µ-\m-Y Sm-tKmÀ
B-Wv Øm-]n-¨-Xv. 1951 ta-bnÂ, ]mÀ-e-saâv \n-b-a-¯n-eq-
sS C-sXm-cp tI-{µ kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bpw tZ-io-b {]-m-[m-
\y-hp-ap-Å C³-Ìn-äyq-«p-am-bn {]-Jym-]n-¡-s¸-«p. 2020
{]-[m-\-a-{´n-bp-sS {]-kw-K-¯n-se {]-k-à `m-K-§Ä Un-kw-_À 21 \v kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS i-Xm-Ðn B-tLm-
n \-h C-´y-bp-sS ZÀ-i-\-s¯-¸-än kw-km-cn- j-§-fn {]-[m-\-a-{´n \-tc-{µ-tam-Zn ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.
¡p-t¼mÄ, hn-I-k-\-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww A-Xn- n hn-iz-`m-c-Xn-bp-sS 100 hÀ-jw ]-g-¡-ap-Å bm-{X h-f-sc
sâ {]-[m-\ L-S-I-sa-¶pw k-aq-l-s¯ {]-tXy-I-X-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. am-Xr-cm-Py-¯n-\p-th-ïn-bp-Å
cm-{ão-b ZÀ-¸-W-ap-]-tbm-Kn-¨v t\m-¡m³ Kp-cp-tZ-hn-sâ B-i-b-§-fp-sS-bpw ZÀ-i-\-¯n-sâ-bpw
]-m-Sn-sÃ-¶pw A-±-lw ]-d-ªp. ITn-\m-[zm-\-¯n-sâ-bpw aqÀ-¯-cq-]-am-Wv kÀ-h-I-em-
n C-¶v, cm-Py-s¯ Hm-tcm ]u-c-\pw hn-I-k- im-e.
\-¯n-sâ t\-«-§Ä bm-sXm-cp hn-th-N-\- n hn-iz-`m-c-Xn-bv-¡m-bp-Å Kp-cp-tZ-hn-sâ ZÀ-i-\-am-Wv kz-
hpw e-`n-¡p-¶p. bw-]-cym-]v-X-X C-´y-bp-sS-bpw A-´-k-¯. tem-I
n ap-Éow s]¬-Ip-«n-I-fp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k- t£-a-¯n-\pw kz-bw ]-cym-]v-X C-´y-bv-¡p-am-bp-Å
¯n-\pw A-h-cp-sS i-ào-I-c-W-¯n-\pw ]-m-X-bm-Wv B-ß-\nÀ-`À `m-c-Xv.
K-h¬-saâv {i-² \Â-Ip-¶p. I-gn-ª 6 n hn-iz-`m-c-Xn-bn \n-¶pw D-b-cp-¶ k-tµ-i-§Ä C-´y
hÀ-j-§-fn-em-bn H-cp tIm-Sn-tbm-fw ap-Éow tem-I-t¯-bv-¡v {]-k-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A-´m-cm-{ã ku-c
s]¬-Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v K-h¬-saâv kv--tIm-fÀ- k-Jy-¯n-eq-sS ]-cn-Øn-Xn kw-c-£-W-¯n-\v C-´y,
jn-¸v \Â-In. tem-I-s¯ \-bn-¡p-¶p.
n ip-Nn-ap-dn ku-I-cy-an-Ãm-¯-Xn-s\ Xp-SÀ- n ]m-co-kv D-S-¼-Sn-bp-sS ]-cn-Øn-Xn e-£y-§Ä t\-Sm-
¶v, cm-Py-¯v hn-Zym-`ym-k ta-J-e-bn \p-Å i-cn-bm-b ]m-X-bn ap-t¶-dp-¶ H-cp {]-[m-\ cm-
\n-¶pw sIm-gn-ªp t]m-b ap-Éow s]¬- Py-am-Wv C-´y.
Ip-«n-I-fp-sS F-®w 70% t¯m-f-am-bn-cp-¶p.
n Kp-cp-tZ-hn-sâ ZÀ-i-\ {]-Im-cw, C-´y-bn-se an-I-¨-XnÂ
kz-Ov `m-c-X Zu-Xyw B-cw-`n-¨-tXm-sS, \n-¶pw tem-I-¯n-\v Kp-W-ap-ïm-I-Ww. tem-I-s¯ an-
{Km-a-§-fn ip-Nn-ap-dn-IÄ ]-Wn-bp-I-bpw I-¨-Xn \n-¶pw C-´y ]Tn-bv-¡p-I-bpw th-Ww.
sIm-gn-ªp t]m-IÂ \n-c-¡v 30% B-bn
n ]p-Xn-b hn-Zym-`ym-k \-b-¯n-eq-sS Cu e-£yw km-
Ip-d-bp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp.
£mÂ-¡-cn-¡m³ C-´y {i-an-¡p-¶p. hn-Zym-`ym-k
n ap-¯-em-Jv \n-tcm-[n-¨p-sIm-ïv, ap-Éow
k-aq-l-¯n-sâ B-[p-\n-I-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n- \-bw \-S-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn hn-iz-`m-c-Xn {]-[m-\ ]-¦v h-ln-
¡p-¶p.
\v cm-Py-¯v Xp-S-¡w Ip-dn-¨p.
Cu h-fÀ-¨ t\-Sm-\m-bp-Å bp-K-¯n-te-bv-¡p-Å C-´y-
Xo-cp-am-\w C-´y-bp-sS e-£y-§-fn-
bp-sS h-fÀ-¨m ]m-X-bp-sS Im-e-L-«-¯n-em-Wv Cu
epw \-b-§-fn-epw Im-Wmw. ]m-h-s¸-
«-hÀ-¡m-bn cq-]o-I-cn-¡p-¶ Hm-tcm ]-²-Xn-bpw, a-X kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-IÄ cq-]o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xv. "\-h C-´y'
hn-izm-k t`-Z-a-t\y F-Ãm hn-`m-K-§-fn-ep-sa-¯n-t¨- F-¶ e-£y-¯n-te-bv-¡p-Å C-´y-bp-sS bm-{X-bnÂ
cp-¶p' hn-iz-`m-c-Xn, _-\m-d-kv ln-µp bq-Wn-th-gv-- A-Xp-sIm-ïv X-s¶ Cu Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v {]-[m-\
kn-än, A-en-K-Uv ap-Éow bq-Wn-th-gv--kn-än, ssa-kqÀ ]-¦p-ïv. A-¡m-e-¯v, C-´y³ tZ-io-b ap-t¶-ä-¯n-
bq-Wn-th-gv--kn-än, UÂ-ln bq-Wn-th-gv--kn-än, a-lm-ßm- \v B-h-iy-am-b _u-²n-I t{]-c-W Cu Øm-]-\-§-
Km-Ôn Im-in hn-Zym-]oTv, Kp-P-dm-¯v hn-Zym ]-oTv Xp- fm-Wv \Â-In-b-Xv. k-am-\-am-bn, C-´y-bp-sS kz-bw-
S-§n-b kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-IÄ h-gn C-´y-bv-¡v k-¼- ]-cym-]v-X kz-]v--\w km-£mÂ-¡-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v Cu
¶-am-b hn-Zym-`ym-k ss]-Xr-I-ap-ïv. _u-²n-I Øm-]-\-§Ä {]-[m-\ ]-¦v h-ln-¡pw..

\yq- C´y kam-NmÀ 11