Page 10 - NIS Malayalam 01-15 January, 2025

k-a-I-m-e-n-I-w
{-]-K-X-n {-]-K-X-n

k-P-o-h `-c-W-\-nÀ-h-l- h-fÀ-¨-s-b ]-p-\À-\-nÀ- k-P-o-h-a-m-b `-c-W-\-nÀ-h- A‑w‑K‑o‑I‑m‑c‑h‑p‑w
W-h-p-w k-a-b-_-Ô-n-X h-N-n-¡-p-¶ C-´-y-b-p-s-S l-W-h-p-w k-a-b-_-Ô-n-X {‑]‑i‑w‑k‑b‑p‑w
\-S-¸-m-¡-e-p-w ]-p-X-n-b `-c-W-b-p-K-w \-S-¸-m-¡-e-p-w

c-m-P-y-h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b h-n-P-b-w:
SWAGAT-s-â DÄ-¡-m-g-v-N-IÄ "\-t-c-{-µ t-a-m-Z-n-s-b
`-m-c-X-¯-n-s-â ]-p-t-c-m-K-X-n- ]-n-´-p-W-b-v-¡-p-¶-hÀ-
s-b \-b-n-¡-p-¶-p ¡-p-w h-n-aÀ-i-n-¡-p-¶-hÀ-
¡-p-w H-c-p t-]-m-s-e A-w-
K-o-I-c-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-¶
H-c-p I-m-c-y-a-p-s-ï-¦-nÂ-,
\-nÀ-W-m-b-I t-\-X-r-X-z-w
A-X-v C-´-y-b-p-s-S
{-]-[-m-\-a-{-´-n-b-p-s-S k-m- A-S-n-Ø-m-\-k-u-I-c-y-
¶-n-[-y-w ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\ §Ä \-h-o-I-c-n-¨-X-m-W-v
]-c-n-l-m-c-§Ä-¡-v h-g-n- A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â G-ä-
s-b-m-c-p-¡-p-¶-p h-p-w h-e-n-b t-\-«-s-a-¶-
X-m-W-v.'

k-l-I-c-W-w `-c-W-\-nÀ-h-l-W
t-I-{-µ-w-þ-k-w- i-à-n-t-I-{-µ-w
Ø-m-\ `-c-W ]-c-n-t-h-j-v-, ]-n-F-w K-X-n A-w-K-o-I-m-c-h-p-w {-]-i-w-
s-F-I-y-w i-à-n-, t-{-]-m-P-Î-v k-b-p-w: A-S-n-Ø-m-\-
a-m-t-\-P-v-s-aâ-v {-K-q-¸-v k-u-I-c-y-§Ä-¡-m-b-n
s-N-e-h-g-n-¡-p-¶ H-m-
t-c-m c-q-]-b-v-¡-p-w P-n-U-n-
\-q-X-\-m-i-b-§-f-n-e-q-s-S U-n-P-n-äÂ-þ-^-Ì-v ]-n-b-n 2.5 a-p-X 3.5
G-ä-h-p-w IT-n-\-a-m-b t-\-X-r-X-z-w c-q-] h-s-c t-\-«-a-m-W-v
X-{-´-{-]-[-m-\ ]-²-X-n- A-`-n-e-m-j-§Ä c-m-P-y-w I-m-W-p-¶-X-v.
IÄ s-s-I-I-m-c-y-w {-]-hÀ-¯-\-¯-n- RBI, NIPFP 2021 H-t-Î-m-
s-N-¿Â t-e-¡-v _-d-n-s-e {-]-_-Ô-w-,
\-o-X-n B-t-b-m-K-v
{-]-X-n-_-Ô- s-X-ä-m-b {-]-K-X-n: 2015þÂ B-c-w-`-n-¨-p. t-{-k-m-X-k-v: H-m-I--v-k-v-^-U-v t-K-ä-v-k-v ]T-\-w-, U-n-k-w-_À 2024
§-f-p-s-S N-c-n- e-£-y-§Ä I-p-d-ª K-h-s-×â-v C-S-
{-X-¯-n C-Ã-m-X-m-¡-n s-]-SÂ-, ]-c-a-m-h-[-n `-c-W-
{-]-hÀ-¯-n- \-nÀ-h-l-W-wA-\-m-h-i-y
¡-p-¶-p \-b-§Ä H-g-n-h-m-¡-n

H-m-I-v--k-v--^-U-v kÀ-h-I-e-m-i-m-e-b-p-s-S _-n-k-n-\-k-v k-v--I-q-f-p-w I-g-n-ª 9 hÀ-j-§-f-n-s-e I-m-c-y-£-a-X hÀ-[-n-¸-n-¡-m-\-m-b-X-v-,
t-K-ä-v--k-v ^-u-t-ï-j-\-p-w t-NÀ-¶-v {-]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¨ "k-v-X-w-`-\- A-S-n-Ø-m-\-k-u-I-c-y-§Ä-¡-m-b-n s-N-e-h-g-n-¡-p-¶ H-m-t-c-m
¯-nÂ-\-n-¶-p h-fÀ-¨-b-n-t-e-¡-v: t-\-X-r-X-z-w F-§-s-\ C-´-y- c-q-]-b-p-w 2.5þ3.5 c-q-]-b-p-s-S P-n-U-n-]-n t-\-«-w D-ï-m-¡-p-¶-p-
b-p-s-S {-]-K-X-n B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-s-b \-b-n-¡-p-¶-p' F-¶ s-h-¶ BÀ-_-n-s-F-b-p-s-S-b-p-w F³-s-F-]-n-F-^-v-]-n-b-p-s-S-b-p-w
i-oÀ-j-I-¯-n A-S-p-¯-n-s-S \-S-¯-n-b ]T-\-w-, {-]-K-X-n (k-P-o- K-t-h-j-W I-s-ï-¯-e-p-I-s-f i-à-n-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-p.
h-a-m-b `-c-W-\-nÀ-h-l-W-h-p-w k-a-b-_-Ô-n-X \-S-¸-m-¡-e-p-w-) ]-c-n-t-h-j-v-, ]-n-F-w K-X-n i-à-n-, t-{-]-m-P-Î-v a-m-t-\-P-v--s-aâ-v
k-w-c-w-`-¯-n-s-â {-i-t-²-b-a-m-b h-n-P-b-w ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-p. {-K-q-¸-v (]-n-F-w-P-n-) F-¶-n-§-s-\ h-n-h-n-[ k-w-h-n-[-m-\-§-s-f
\-nÀ-W-m-b-I t-\-X-r-X-z-h-p-w \-q-X-\ `-c-W-h-p-w C-´-y-b-n-s-e k-w-t-b-m-P-n-¸-n-¨-v `-c-W-m-`-n-e-m-j-§-s-f h-y-à-a-m-b ^-e-§-
A-S-n-Ø-m-\-k-u-I-c-y h-n-X-c-W-¯-n h-n-¹-h-w k-r-ã-n-¨-p. f-m-¡-n a-m-ä-p-¶-, U-n-P-n-ä ^-Ì-v t-\-X-r-X-z-¯-n-\-v D-Z-m-l-c-
h-n-I-k-z-c c-m-P-y-§Ä-¡-v k-a-m-\-a-m-b s-h-Ã-p-h-n-f-n-IÄ t-\- W-a-m-W-v C-´-y-b-p-s-S {-]-K-X-n k-w-c-w-`-w.
c-n-S-p-¶-X-n-\-v B-t-K-m-f a-m-\-Z-Þ-w Ø-m-]-n-¨-p. 2015 a-mÀ-¨-v X-Õ-a-b ]-u-c-t-I-{-µ-o-I-r-X ]-c-m-X-n {-]-X-n-h-n-[-n--IÄ-¡-m-
25þ-\-v B-c-w-`-n-¨ {-]-K-X-n-, "I-p-d-ª K-h¬-s-aâ-v C-S-s-]-SÂ-, b-n (2003-Â B-c-w-`-n-¨-X-v-) \-n-e-s-I-m-Å-p-¶ SWAGATÂ
]-c-a-m-h-[-n `-c-W-\-nÀ-h-l-W-w' F-¶ k-a-o-]-\-w DÄ-s-¡-m- \-n-¶-p-Å (t-Ì-ä-v s-s-h-U-v A-ä³-j³ H-m¬ {-K-o-h³-k-v s-s-_
Å-p-¶-p. ]-²-X-n-\-nÀ-h-l-W-¯-n-s-e a-n-I-h-v D-d-¸-m-¡-p-¶-X-n- s-S-I-v--t-\-m-f-P-n-) k-w-c-w-`-¯-n \-n-¶-p-Å ]T-\-§Ä-, D-¯-
s-\-m-¸-w C-´-y-b-p-s-S h-fÀ-¨-m K-m-Y A-X-n-t-h-K-w ]-n-´-p-S- c-h-m-Z-n-X-z-¯-n-\-p-w k-p-X-m-c-y-X-b-v-¡-p-w t-h-ï-n-b-p-Å c-m-{-ã-
c-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å k-l-I-c-W-w-, k-p-X-m-c-y-X-, k-m-t-¦-X-n-I-h-n-Z-y \-nÀ-a-m-W-¯-n a-p³-X-q-¡-w \Â-I-p-¶-X-n {-]-K-X-n-b-p-s-S
F-¶-n-h C-u ]-c-n-]-m-S-n D-bÀ-¯-n-¸-n-S-n-¡-p-¶-p. {-]-K-X-n h-g-n h-n-i-m-e-a-m-b {-i-²-m-t-a-J-e-b-m-b-n ]-c-n-W-a-n-¨-p.

8 \yq --C´y kam-NmÀ| P\phcn 1þ15, 2025