Page 54 - NIS Malayalam May16-31

hy-àn-Xzw hn-\m-b-Iv Zm-tam-ZÀ k-hÀ-¡À
`m-c-X-¯n-sâ [o-c-]p-{X³:
hoÀ k-hÀ-¡À
`m-c-X-¯n-sâ N-cn-{X-t¯m-Sv tN-À-¯v sh-¨v hm-bn-
¡p-¶ t]-cm-Wv hn-\m-b-I Zm-tam-ZÀ k-hÀ-¡À. 1857
hn-¹-h-sa-¶v hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨n-cp-¶ 1857se t]m-cm-«-s¯
H-¶mw kzm-X-{´y k-a-c-sa-¶v hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨ G-Imw-K
-ssk-\y-am-bn-cp-¶p k-hÀ-¡À. ap³ {]-[m-\-a-{´n
A-SÂ _n-lm-cn hm-Pv-t]-bn- k-hÀ-¡-sd hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨n-
cp-¶-Xv C-{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-¶p. "Rm-s\m-cp ]pÂ-s¡m-Sn-
sb-¦n k-hÀ-¡À a-lm-ta-cp-hm-bn-cp-¶p. Rm-s\m-cp
sh-Å-¯p-Ån-sb-¦n A-t±-lw C-´y³ a-lm-k-ap-{Z-
¯n-\v Xp-ey-a-m-bn-cp-¶p'.
-«o-jp-Im-cp-sS `-c-Ww C-Ãm-Xm-¡m³ th-
{_nïn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-I am-{X-a-Ã, an-I-¨
B-i-b-§-fn-eq-sS-bpw h-en-b ]-cn-{i-a-§-fn-eq-sS-bpw
P-\-§-Ä-¡v DuÀ-Ö-hpw ho-cy-hpw ]-IÀ-¶v t]m-cm-
«-¯n-\v C-d-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-X kzm-X-{´y-k-a-c t]
m-cm-fn-I-fp-sS ]-«n-I-bn-se {]-[m-\n-bm-Wv hoÀ k-hÀ- hn-[n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. Cu A-\o-Xn-s¡-Xn-
¡À. 1883 sa-bv 28\v a-lm-cm-{ã-bn-se \m-kn-¡n-\v
k-ao-]-ap-Å _m-KpÀ {Km-a-¯n Zm-tam-ZÀ ]-´v
k-hÀ-¡-dn-sâ-bpw cm-[m-`m-bn-bp-tS-bpw a-I-\m-bm-Wv
hoÀ k-hÀ-¡-dp-sS P-\-\w. ]q-\-bn-se {]-i-kv-X-am-b
s^À-Kq-k¬ tIm-tf-Pn \n-¶v A-t±-lw hn-Zym-`ym-
kw ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡n-. hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\-Sp-I F-¶-Xp
am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã k-hÀ-¡-dp-sS {i-². `m-c-X-s¯
kz-X-{´-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn Pz-en-¡p-¶ H-cp lr-Z-bw
A-t±-l-¯n-\p-ïm-bn-cp-¶p. Cu e-£y-t¯m-sS
1904Â A-`n-\-hv `m-c-Xv F-¶ kw-L-S-\-bv-¡v k-hÀ-
¡À Xp-S-¡w Ip-dn-¨p. _w-KmÄ hn-`-P-\-¯n {]-Xn-
tj-[n-¨v kz-tZ-in {]-t£m-`w i-à-am-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ
`m-K-am-bn hn-tZ-i-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä I-¯n-¨m-Wv 1905Â
]q-\-bn k-hÀ-¡À {]-Xn-tj-[n-¨-Xv. kv-tIm-fÀ-jn-
t¸m-sS \n-b-a-]T-\-¯n-\m-bn k-hÀ-¡À e-ï-\n-te-
¡v Xn-cn-¨p. e-ï³ hm-k-¡m-e-¯v `m-c-X-¯n-sâ
kzm-X-{´yw e-£y-an-«v {^o C-´y skm-ssk-än A-t±-
lw cq-]o-I-cn-¨v kz-X-{´y k-a-c {]-t£m-`-¯n-sâ
`m-K-am-bn k-Po-h-am-bn Xp-SÀ-¶p. tUm. iym-a-{]-km- I-ª tZ-io-b-hm-Zn-bm-b A-t±-lw ln-µp-a-lm-k-`-
Zv ap-JÀ-Pn-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-¯n e-ï-\n-se C-´y
lu-kv tI-{µo-I-cn-¨v kzm-X-{´y {]-t£m-`w i-à-am-
¡n-b Im-e-am-bn-cp-¶p A-Xv. C-´ym lu-kn Xm-a-
kn-¨p-sIm-ïv k-hÀ-¡À C-´y³ hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡v
t]m-cm-« ho-cyw ]-I-cp-I-bpw kzm-X-{´y k-a-c t]
m-cm-«-¯n-te-¡v A-h-sc \-bn-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp.
1908Â \n-c-h-[n K-th-j-W-§-fpw ]T-\-§-fpw
\-S-¯n-b ti-jw k-hÀ-¡À c-Nn-¨ `m-c-X-¯n-sâ
kzm-X-{´y-t]m-cm-«-§-fp-sS N-cn-{Xw F-¶ ]p-kv-X-I-
¯n-em-Wv 1857se hn-¹-h-s¯ `m-c-X-¯n-sâ B-Zy
kzm-X-{´y k-a-c-am-bn hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨-Xv. F-¶mÂ
52 \yq C-´y k-am-NmÀ
P-\-§-fn-te-¡v Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw F-¯p-¶-Xn-\v ap-¼v
X-s¶ {_n-«o-jp-ImÀ ]p-kv-X-Iw \n-tcm-[n-¨p. 1910Â
k-hÀ-¡-dp-sS hn-iz-kv-X kp-lr-¯v a-Z³-em Znw-
{K H-cp Cw-¥o-jv Hm-^o-k-sd sIm-e-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-
Xn-s\ Xp-SÀ-¶v ]n-Sn-bn-em-hp-I-bpw Xq-¡n-s¡m-Ãm³
sc k-hÀ-¡À ]-c-ky-am-b {]-Xn-tj-[-¯n-\n-d-§n.
e-ï-\n k-hÀ-¡À-¡v {]-i-kv-Xn hÀ-²n-¡p-¶-Xpw
A-t±-l-¯n-\v A-\p-bm-bn-IÄ Iq-Sp-¶-Xpw A-]-I-S-
am-sW-¶v Xn-cn-¨-dn-ª {_n-«¬ A-t±-l-s¯ `m-c-
X-¯n-te-¡v a-S-¡n-b-b-¨p. F-¶m `m-c-X-¯n-te-
¡p-Å bm-{X-bv-¡n-sS I-¸-en \n-¶p I-S-en Nm-Sn
c-£-s¸-« k-hÀ-¡À {^m³-kn-se-¯n c-£-s¸-s«-¦n-
epw ]n-¶o-Sv A-d-Ìn-em-bn.
Po-h-]-cy-´w in-£ e-`n-¨ k-hÀ-¡À B-³-U-am-
\-n-se Im-em-]m-\n P-bn-en A-S-bv-¡-s¸-«p. 1911Â
a-säm-cp tI-kn A-t±-l-s¯ c-ïm-a-s¯ Po-h-]-
cy-´-¯n-\pw in-£n-¨p. ]-¯p-hÀ-j-s¯ Im-em-]
m-\n-bn-se in-£-bv-¡v ti-jw 1921Â k-hÀ-¡À
P-bn tam-Nn-X-\m-sb-¦n-epw A-t±-l-s¯ ]q-s\-bn-
se P-bn-en-te-¡v am-än aq-¶p-hÀ-jw A-hn-sS-bpw X-S-
hn-em-¡n. "ln-µp-Xz: B-cm-Wv ln-µp?' F-¶ ]p-kv-
X-Iw A-t±-lw P-bn-en sh-¨m-Wv c-Nn-¨-Xv. 1937Â
k-hÀ-¡À cm-Py-s¯ ln-µp-Xz ap-J-am-bn am-dn. Xn-
bp-sS A-[y-£-\p-am-bn.
k-hÀ-¡-sd-¸-än {]-[m-\-a-{´n \-tc-{µ-tam-Zn-bp-sS
hm-¡p-IÄ C-{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-¶p, "A-t±-l-¯n-sâ
ss[-cyw \m-sa-¶pw A-\p-kv-a-cn-¡pw. kzm-X-{´y-k-
a-c t]m-cm-«-¯n-te-¡v bp-hm-¡-sf C-d-¡p-¶-XnÂ
A-t±-l-¯n-sâ I-gn-hv h-ep-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. km-aq-ly
]-cn-jv-¡-c-W-§Ä-¡v th-ïn k-hÀ-¡À {]-hÀ-¯n-
¨p'. 1965Â ]-\n-sb Xp-SÀ-¶v A-t±-lw Kp-cp-X-c-am-b
tcm-Km-h-Ø-bn-se-¯n. 1966 s^-{_p-h-cn 1\v a-c-Ww
h-sc A-t±-lw D-]-hm-kw B-cw-`n-¨p. 1966 s^-{_p-h-
cn 26\v A-t±-lw C-l-tem-I-hm-kw sh-Sn-ªp.