Page 59 - NIS-Malayalam June 1-15 2022

C-´-y@75
B-k-m-Z-n I-m A-a-r-X-v a-t-l-m-Õ-h-v

h-n-`-P-\ I-m-e-s-¯ A-{-I-a-§- k-¶-y-m-k-n-a-mÀ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c
f-n H-c-p Z-i-e-£-w B-f-p-IÄ
s-I-m-Ã-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w 20 Z-i-e-£-w c-m-{-ã-¯-n-\-m-b-n I-e-m-]-w \-b-n-¨-t-¸-mÄ
B-f-p-I-s-f _-m-[-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-
X-p. h-n-`-P-\-w t-e-m-I-¯-n-s-e G-ä- t-µ-a-m-X-c-w' H-m-t-c-m h-y-à-n-b-p-w A-h-c-p-s-S a-m-X-r-c-m-P-y-¯-n-\-v
h-p-w h-e-n-b I-p-S-n-s-b-m-g-n-¸-n-¡-e-n "h-F-Ã-m-b-v-t-¸-m-g-p-w _-l-p-a-m-\-w \Â-I-m³ {-]-t-N-m-Z-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶ H-c-p
H-¶-n-\-v I-m-c-W-a-m-b-n. Z-i-e-£-¡- {-]-J-y-m-]-\-a-m-W-v. C-´-y³ k-z-m-X-{-´-y k-a-c I-m-e-¯-v B-b-n-c-¡-W-
W-¡-n-\-v I-p-S-p-w-_-§Ä A-h-c-p-s-S ¡-n-\-v h-o-c-·-mÀ c-m-{-ã-¯-n-\-p-t-h-ï-n P-o-h³ _-e-n-bÀ-¸-n-¨-p-, "h-t-µ-a-m-
]-qÀ-Æ-n-I {-K-m-a-§-f-p-w ]-«-W-§-f-p-w X-c-w' B-e-]-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-n-S-b-n X-q-¡-p-a-c-¯-n a-c-n-¨-p. "h-t-µ-a-m-X-c-w'
\-K-c-§-f-p-w D-t-]-£-n-¨-v A-`-b-mÀ- B-e-]-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-n-s-S a-m-X-r-c-m-P-y-¯-n-s-â \-n-c-h-[-n ]-p-{-X-·-mÀ-¡-p-w
°-n-I-f-m-b-n H-c-p ]-p-X-n-b P-o-h-n-X-w s-h-S-n-t-b-ä-p. "h-t-µ-a-m-X-c-w' k-z-m-X-{-´-y k-a-c-¯-n-s-e A-S-n-Ø-m-\
B-c-w-`-n-¡-m³ \-nÀ-_-Ô-n-X-c-m-b-n. a-{-´-a-m-b-n. _-w-K-mÄ £-m-a-¯-n \-n-¶-p-w k-\-y-m-k-n I-e-m-]-¯-nÂ
c-m-{-ã h-n-`-P-\-¯-n-s-â ^-e-a-m-b-n \-n-¶-p-w {-]-t-N-m-Z-\-w DÄ-s-¡-m-ï-v _-¦-n-w N-{-µ N-m-äÀ-P-n F-g-p-X-n-b
-
P-o-h³ \-ã-s-¸-«-hÀ-¡-p-w A-h-c-p- X-s-â "B-\-µ aT-w' F-¶ t-\-m-h-e-n-e-m-W-v "h-t-µ-a-m-X-c-w-' B-Z-y-a-m-b-n
s-S t-h-c-p-I-f-n \-n-¶-v I-p-S-n-b-n-d- {-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-X-v. h-t-µ-a-m-X-c-w t-]-m-s-e-b-p-Å A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â D-Ö-z-e-
¡-s-¸-«-hÀ-¡-p-w D-N-n-X-a-m-b B-Z- a-m-b c-N-\-I-s-f a-m-\-n-¨-p s-I-m-ï-v A-c-_-n-t-µ-m t-L-m-j-v _-¦-n-w N-{-µ
N-m-äÀ-P-n-s-b "t-Z-i-o-b-X-b-p-s-S k-\-y-m-k-n' F-¶-v h-n-t-i-j-n-¸-n-¨-X-m-b-n
c-m-R-v-P-e-n-b-m-b-n-, F-Ã-m hÀ-j-h-p-w d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-p-ï-v. K-n-c-n h-n-`-m-K-¯-n-s-e k-\-y-m-k-n-a-m-c-p-s-S t-\-X-r-X-z-¯-nÂ
H-m-K-Ì-v 14-, A-h-c-p-s-S X-y-m-K-§Ä Z-oÀ-L-I-m-e-w-\-o-ï k-\-y-m-k-n {-]-t-£-m-`-w {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-m-s-c ^-e-¯-nÂ
A-\-p-k-v-a-c-n-¡-p-¶ Z-n-\-a-m-b-n B-N- X-IÀ-¯-p. \-½-p-s-S \-m-«-n-s-e k-\-y-m-k-n-a-m-c-p-w c-m-P-y-¯-n-s-â k-m-l-N-
c-n-¡-m³ t-I-{-µ K-h-s-×â-v X-o-c-p- c-y-§Ä-¡-\-p-k-r-X-a-m-b-n P-\-§-f-p-s-S X-mÂ-¸-c-y-§Ä-¡-m-b-n H-c-p-]-m-
a-m-\-n-¨-p. I-q-S-m-s-X-, B-K-Ì-v 14 S-v I-m-c-y-§Ä s-N-b-v-X-n-«-p-ï-v. A-X-n-\-m-e-m-W-v B-h-i-y-w h-¶-t-¸-mÄ
h-n-`-P-\ h-n-`-n-j-n-I k-v-a-m-c-I Z-n-\- A-h-c-p-w {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c c-w-K-s-¯-¯-n-b-X-v. A-¯-c-s-a-m-c-p
a-m-b-n K-h-s-×â-v \-n-Ý-b-n-¨-p. 1947 ]-Ý-m-¯-e-¯-nÂ-, A-hÀ t-Z-i-o-b a-X-w c-q-]-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I a-m-{-X-a-Ã-,
B-K-Ì-v 15 \-v-, C-´-y {-_-n-«-o-j-v H-c-p ]-p-c-m-X-\ a-X-¯-n-s-â h-à-m-¡Ä F-¶ \-n-e-b-n-e-p-w D-bÀ-¶-p.
`-c-W-¯-n \-n-¶-v k-z-m-X-{-´-y-w k-\-y-m-k-n I-e-m-]-w I-q-S-p-X-e-p-w \-S-¶-X-v _-w-K-m-f-n-e-p-w _-o-l-m-d-n-e-p-
t-\-S-n-. C-u Z-n-\-w c-m-P-y-w k-t-´-m- a-m-W-v. I-m-c-W-w {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ B-Z-y-a-m-b-n
j-I-c-h-p-w A-`-n-a-m-\-I-c-h-p-a-m-b I-m-e-p-I-p-¯-n-b-X-v C-h-n-s-S-b-m-W-v. {-_-n-«-o- K-nc-n h-n`-mK¯-ns-e
j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-c-m-b B-Z-y I-e-m-]-¯-n-\-v
A-h-k-c-a-m-b-n B-t-L-m-j-n-¡-p-¶-p. t-\-X-r-X-z-w \Â-I-n-b-X-v k-\-y-m-k-n-a-m-c-m- k\-y-mk-na-mc-ps-S
F-¶-n-c-p-¶-m-e-p-w-, C-u k-z-m-X-{-´-y-w s-W-¶-v I-c-p-X-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. C-X-v B-b-n-c-
t-\-S-n-s-b-S-p-¡-m³-, \-a-p-¡-v \-n-c-h-[-n ¡-W-¡-n-\-v B-f-p-I-f-p-s-S a-c-W-¯-n-\-v t-\X-rX-z¯-nÂ
{-]-t-£-m-`-§Ä-, k-a-c-§Ä-, L-«- I-m-c-W-a-m-b-n. C-u {-]-t-£-m-`-s-¯ A-S-n- Z-oÀLI-me-w\-oï
§Ä F-¶-n-h-b-n-e-q-s-S I-S-¶-p-t-]-m- ¨-aÀ-¯-m³ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-¡-v s-s-k-\-n-I
t-I-ï-n-h-¶-p. i-à-n D-]-t-b-m-K-n-t-¡-ï-n-h-¶-p F-¶-X-v k\-y-mk-n {-]t-£-m`-w
"C-´-y-b-p-s-S k-z-m-X-{-´-y-¯-n- A-X-v F-{-X-t-¯-m-f-w K-u-c-h-a-p-Å-X-m-s-W- {-_-n«-oj-pI-ms-c
s-â B-Z-y L-«-w' F-¶-v h-n-t-i- ¶-v s-X-f-n-b-n-¡-p-¶-p. 1770þÂ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-
j-n-¸-n-¡-s-¸-« 1857 s-e k-z-m-X- I-mÀ _-w-K-mÄ I-o-g-S-¡-n-b-X-n-s-\ X-p-SÀ-¶-v ^e¯-nÂ
{-´-y k-a-c-¯-n-\-v a-p-¼-v c-m-P-y-¯-v I-S-p-¯ £-m-a-w D-ï-m-b-n. C-s-X-m-s-¡- XIÀ¯-p
h-e-n-b t-X-m-X-n-e-p-Å {-]-t-£-m- b-m-s-W-¦-n-e-p-w-, {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ \-n-I-p-X-n
]-n-c-n-h-v IÀ-i-\-a-m-b-n X-p-S-c-p-I-b-p-w a-X-
`-§Ä D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ^-¡-oÀ ]-c-a-m-b a-p-t-¶-ä§Ä-¡-v ]-c-n-a-n-X-n-IÄ
{-]-t-£-m-`-w (1776-þ77), k-\-y-m-k-n GÀ-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-m-c-p-s-S {-I-q-c-a-m-b \-b-¯-nÂ
{-]-t-£-m-`-w-, ]-Z-y-KÀ {-]-t-£-m-`-w t-c-m-j-m-I-p-e-c-m-b k-¶-y-m-k-n-a-mÀ {-]-X-n-t-j-[-n-¡-m³ X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-¨-p.
(1801-þ1805), s-h-Ã-qÀ {-]-t-£-m-`-w {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-c-m-b t-]-m-c-m-«-¯-n IÀ-j-I-c-p-w `-q-h-p-S-a-I-f-p-w
(1806), \-m-b-I-v {-]-t-£-m-`-w (1806), s-N-d-p-I-n-S {-]-`-p-¡-·-m-c-p-w k-\-y-m-k-n-a-m-s-c ]-n-´-p-W-¨-p. A-hÀ H-c-p-a-n-¨-v
X-n-c-p-h-n-X-m-w-I-qÀ {-]-t-£-m-`-w (1808), {-]-t-£-m-`-w B-c-w-`-n-¨-p. c-m-P-y-t-¯-m-S-p-Å {-]-X-n-_-²-X {-]-I-S-a-m-¡-n-
s-N-t-c-m {-]-t-£-m-`-w (1802), H-U-o- s-¡-m-ï-v A-hÀ k-z-b-w c-m-P-y-s-¯ A-½-b-m-b-p-w X-§-s-f a-¡-f-m-b-p-w
j-b-n-s-e s-s-]-¡-m-k-v {-]-t-£-m-`-w {-]-J-y-m-]-n-¨-p. A-hÀ K-d-n-Ã-m b-p-² h-n-Z-K-v-[-c-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-hÀ K-h-
(1821), I-n-ä-qÀ {-]-t-£-m-`-w (1824), s-×â-v J-P-\-m-h-v s-I-m-Å-b-S-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-I-m-Å-b-S-n-¨ [-\-w \-n-c-m-e-w-
A-k-a-n-s-e A-t-l-m-w {-]-t-£-m-`-w _À-¡-v k-w-`-m-h-\ s-N-¿-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. C-u {-]-t-£-m-`-IÀ {-_-n-«-o-
(1824), ]-mÂ-, I-qÀ-K-v {-]-t-£-m-`-w j-p-I-m-c-p-s-S _-w-¥-m-h-p-IÄ X-«-n-s-b-S-p-¡-p-I-b-p-w A-h-c-n ]-e-s-c-b-p-w
s-I-m-Ã-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-X-v A-h-c-p-s-S k-z-m-[-o-\-¯-n-s-â s-X-f-n-h-m-W-v.
(1832-þ37), t-K-m-ï-v {-]-t-£-m-`-w (1833- -"l-n-µ-p-þ-a-p-É-n-w s-F-I-y-w-' {-]-t-£-m-`-¯-n-s-â G-ä-h-p-w {-]-[-m-\-s-¸-« L-S-
57) F-¶-n-h C-h-b-n N-n-e-X-m-W-v. I-§-f-n-s-e-m-¶-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. I-e-m-]-w A-S-n-¨-aÀ-¯-m³ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-¡-v
k-z-m-X-{-´-y-¯-n-s-â A-a-r-X-v a-t-l-m- A-h-c-p-s-S F-Ã-m h-n-`-h-§-f-p-w D-]-t-b-m-K-n-t-¡-ï-n-h-¶-p. H-c-p \-o-ï
Õ-h-v ]-c-¼-c-b-n C-u a-m-k-s-¯ t-]-m-c-m-«-¯-n-\-v t-i-j-w _-w-K-mÄ K-hÀ-WÀ P-\-d h-m-d³ t-l-Ì-n-w-
e-¡-¯-n C-h-b-n N-n-e-X-v A-h- K-v-k-n-\-v A-X-n-\-v I-g-n-ª-p.
X-c-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-p...

\yq C-´y k-am-NmÀ Pq¬ 1-15, 2022 57