Page 60 - NIS-Malayalam June 1-15 2022

C-´-y@75 B-k-m-Z-n I-m A-a-r-X-v a-t-l-m-Õ-h-v

]-m-f-b-¡-m-cÀ: {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c

B-Z-y-a-m-b-n b-p-²-w {-]-J-y-m-]-n-¨-hÀ

857þ C-´-y-b-n {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-c-m-b H-¶-m-w h-o-c-]-m-Þ-y I-«-s-_-m-½³ A-s-Ã-¦-n I-«-
1k-z-m-X-{-´-y-b-p-²-¯-n-\-v a-p-¼-v-, Z-£-n-t-W-´-y-b-n-s-e ]-m-f- s-_-m-½ \-m-b-I³ F-¶-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶ ]-m-f-
b-¡-m-cÀ A-Y-h-m t-]-m-f-n-KÀ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c b-¡-m-cÀ A-s-Ã-¦-n t-]-m-f-n-K-mÀ F-¶-p-w
b-p-²-w s-N-¿-p-I-b-p-w {-_-n-«-o-j-v C-u-Ì-v C-´-y-m I-¼-\-n- A-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶ B-f-m-W-v C-u {-]-t-£-m-`-w
b-p-s-S ]-c-a-m-[-n-I-m-c-s-¯ A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¡-m³ h-n-k-½-X-n-
¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. 1801 \-p-w 1805 \-p-w C-S-b-n X-a-n- \-b-n-¨-X-v.1801 a-p-X 1805 h-s-c C-X-v
g-v--\-m-S-v t-I-{-µ-o-I-c-n-¨-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p I-«-s-_-m-½ \-m-b-I³ X-a-n-g-v-\-m-«-n t-I-{-µ-o-I-r-X-w B-b-n-c-p-¶-p.
A-s-Ã-¦-n h-o-c-]-m-Þ-y I-«-s-_-m-½³ F-¶-p-w h-n-f-n-
¡-s-¸-S-p-¶ ]-m-f-b-¡-m-cÀ A-s-Ã-¦-n t-]-m-f-n-KÀ C-u
{-]-t-£-m-`-¯-n-\-v t-\-X-r-X-z-w \Â-I-n-b-X-v. {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-m- k-z-¯-v-- s-I-m-Å-b-S-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w \-i-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-
c-p-s-S A-S-n-¨-aÀ-¯Â \-b-§Ä A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¡-m³ h-n- X-p. A-t-±-l-w P-\-§Ä-¡-n-S-b-n P-\-{-]-n-b-\-m-b-n-c-p-
k-½-X-n-¨ s-X-¡³ t-I-m-«-I-f-p-s-S A-[-n-]³-a-m-c-m-b-m-W-v ¶-p-s-h-¦-n-e-p-w {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-¡-v h-n-t-c-m-[-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.
]-m-f-b-¡-m-cÀ A-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. a-m-{-X-h-p-a-Ã-, d-h-\-y-q {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ X-§-f-p-s-S F-Ã-m i-à-n-b-p-w D-]-t-b-m-K-n-
\Â-I-m-\-p-w A-hÀ h-n-k-½-X-n-¨-p. C-X-v {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-m- ¨-v a-p-t-¶-ä-s-¯ A-S-n-¨-aÀ-¯-p-I-b-p-w I-_-f-n-¸-n-¨-v I-«-
s-c s-N-m-S-n-¸-n-¨-p. A-§-s-\ ]-m-f-b-¡-m-c-d-p-a-m-b-n h-g-¡-p s-_-m-½-s-\ ]-n-S-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. s-]-m-X-p-P-\-§-s-f
X-p-S-§-n. I-«-s-_-m-½³ \-m-b-I-s-â t-\-X-r-X-z-¯-n-e-p-Å `-b-s-¸-S-p-¯-m³ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ I-«-s-_-m-½ \-m-b-I-s-\
]-m-f-b-¡-m-cÀ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c h-o-t-d-m-s-S t-]-m- A-h-c-p-s-S I¬-a-p-¶-n X-q-¡-n-t-e-ä-n F-¶-v ]-d-b-s-¸-
c-m-S-n A-h-c-p-s-S s-s-k-\-y-s-¯ h-n-d-¸-n-¨-p. C-u {-]-t-£-m- S-p-¶-p. A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â a-c-W-t-i-j-w-, {-]-t-£-m-`-w Z-pÀ-
`-IÀ \-n-c-h-[-n {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-m-s-c s-I-m-Ã-p-I-b-p-w _-e-a-m-h-p-I-b-p-w 1806þÂ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ ]-qÀ-®-a-m-b-p-w
A-S-n-¨-aÀ-¯-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p.

s-N-t-c-m {-]-t-£-m-`-w

{-_-n-«-o-j-v `-c-W-¯-n-s-\-X-n-c-m-b X-o-¡-\Â

À-J-Þ-v k-w-Ø-m-\-s-¯ ]-e-m-a-p-h-n-s-e s-N- F-U-n 1800þÂ `-q-j¬ k-n-§-n-s-â t-\-X-r-X-z-
P-mt-c-m t-K-m-{-X-w 1800 AD- {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡- ¯-n s-N-t-c-m t-K-m-{-X-w-, D-bÀ-¶ \-n-I-p-X-n N-p-a-
X-n-s-c D-bÀ-¶ \-n-I-p-X-n N-p-a-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w ]-«-b-§Ä ¯-p-¶-X-n-s-\-X-n-s-c-b-p-w ]-«-b-§Ä h-o-ï-p-w G-s-ä-
h-o-ï-p-w G-s-ä-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-s-a-X-n-s-c I-e-m-]-w \-S-¯-n. S-p-¡-p-¶-X-n-s-\-X-n-s-c-b-p-w {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c
C-u I-e-m-]-¯-n-\-v t-\-X-r-X-z-w \Â-I-n-b-X-v `-q-j¬ k-n- h-n-¹-h-w \-S-¯-n.
§-m-W-v. F-U-n 1700þÂ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ ]-e-m-a-p-h-n-s-â
t-I-m-« ]-n-S-n-s-¨-S-p-¡-m³ B-{-K-l-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p-s-h-¦-n-e-p-w
Z-oÀ-L-I-m-e-t-¯-¡-v A-X-n-\-v I-g-n-ª-n-Ã. ]-n-¶-o-S-v-,
{-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ C-X-v ]-n-S-n-s-¨-S-p-¡-p-I-b-p-w A-hÀ-¡-v h-[-n-¨-p. t-I-WÂ t-P-m¬-k-v I-e-m-]-w A-h-k-m-\-n-
C-ã-a-p-Å H-c-p `-c-W-m-[-n-I-m-c-n-s-b \-n-b-a-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w ¸-n-¨-p. I-e-m-]-w A-S-n-¨-aÀ-¯-n-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w-, A-X-r-]-v-X-n
s-N-b-v-X-p. B c-m-P-m-h-n-s-\-X-n-s-c \-m-«-p-I-m-c-p-s-S a-\- \-n-e-\-n-¶-p. {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ C-S-b-v-¡-n-s-S s-h-Ã-p-h-n-f-n-
Ê-n {-I-t-a-W A-X-r-]-v-X-n h-f-c-m³ X-p-S-§-n. 1800þ ¡-s-¸-«-p. C-u I-e-m-]-¯-n-s-â ^-e-a-m-b-n-, t-O-m-«-m-
s-N-t-c-m P-\-X {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c ]-c-k-y-a-m-b-n \-m-K-v-]-q-c-n k-a-m-[-m-\-h-p-w {-I-a-h-p-w \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-m³
I-e-m-]-w \-S-¯-n. s-N-t-c-m h-n-a-XÀ hÀ-j-§-t-f-m-f-w {-_-n-«-o-j-v kÀ-¡-mÀ 1809þÂ P-a-o-µ-m-c-n t-]-m-e-o-k-v
{-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-m-s-c {-]-X-n-t-c-m-[-n-¨-p. s-N-t-c-m I-e-m-]-w t-k-\ c-q-]-o-I-c-n-¨-p. {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ ]-e-m-a-p ]À-K-m-\
{-_-n-«-o-j-v `-c-W-¯-n-s-â \-s-«-Ã-v X-IÀ-¯-X-m-b-n I-c-p- ]-n-S-n-s-¨-S-p-¯-v t-e-e-¯-n-s-â a-d-h-n `-c-W-w-, `-c-t-Z-
X-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. ]-e-m-a-p-, s-N-t-c-m t-K-m-{-X-§Ä {-_-n-«-o- h-n-s-e c-m-P-m L³-i-y-m-w k-n-§-n-\-v s-s-I-a-m-d-n. 1817þÂ
j-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-X-n-s-c a-p-¼-v {-]-t-£-m-`-w \-S-¯-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p- {-_-n-«-o-j-v K-q-V-m-t-e-m-N-\-b-v--s-¡-X-n-s-c t-K-m-{-X-hÀ-¤
s-h-¦-n-e-p-w C-¯-h-W A-hÀ i-à-a-m-b t-]-m-c-m-«-w k-l-I-c-W-t-¯-m-s-S H-c-p I-e-m-]-w \-S-s-¶-¦-n-e-p-w
\-S-¯-n. I-e-m-]-w A-S-n-¨-aÀ-¯-m³ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ A-X-p-w A-S-n-¨-aÀ-¯-s-¸-«-p. s-N-t-c-m I-e-m-]-s-¯ A-S-n-
F-Ã-m {-i-a-§-f-p-w \-S-¯-n-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w h-n-P-b-n-¨-n-Ã. `-q- ¨-aÀ-¯-m³ k-l-m-b-n-¨-X-n-\-v {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ L³-
j¬ k-n-w-K-n-s-\ {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-mÀ ]-n-S-n-I-q-S-n 1802þÂ i-y-m-w k-n-w-K-n-\-v ]-m-c-n-t-X-m-j-n-I-w \Â-I-n.

58 \yq C-´y k-am-NmÀ Pq¬ 1-15, 2022