Page 54 - NIS Malayalam September 01-15, 2022

c-m-{ãw
B-k-m-Z-n I-m A-a-r-X-v a-t-l-m-Õ-h-v
`‑q‑t‑]‑{‑µ‑\‑m‑Y‑v Z‑¯: {‑_‑n‑«‑o‑j‑p‑I‑m‑t‑c‑m‑S‑v k‑t‑l‑m‑Z‑c³ t‑\‑X‑m‑P‑n k‑p‑`‑m‑j‑v N‑{‑µ‑t‑_‑m‑
t‑]‑m‑c‑m‑S‑m³ h‑n‑¹‑h‑I‑m‑c‑n‑b‑m‑b‑n a‑m‑d‑n‑b k‑n‑W‑v ]‑n‑¶‑n‑s‑e i‑à‑n‑b‑m‑b‑n‑c‑p‑¶ i‑c‑X‑v
k‑z‑m‑a‑n h‑n‑t‑h‑I‑m‑\‑µ‑s‑â C‑f‑b k‑t‑l‑m‑Z‑c³ N‑{‑µ‑t‑_‑m‑k‑v

-l-n-w-k-m X-X-z-§-f-nÂ
-i-k-v-X h-n-¹-h-I-m-c-n- AA-S-n-b-p-d-¨-p h-n-i-z-k-n-
{-]b-p-w k-m-a-q-l-y-i-m-k-v- ¨-n-c-p-¶ i-c-X-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-v-,
{-X-Ú-\-p-a-m-b `-q-t-]-{-µ-\-m-Y-v t-\-X-m-P-n k-p-`-m-j-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-
Z-¯ 1880 s-k-]-v-ä-w-_À 4 \-v k-n-s-\ A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â {-]-X-n-
s-I-mÂ-¡-¯-b-n P-\-n-¨-p. k-Ô-n-I-f-n k-l-m-b-n-¨-n-c-p-¶
k-z-m-a-n h-n-t-h-I-m-\-µ-s-â C-f-b B-f-m-b-n ]-c-s-¡ I-W-¡-m-¡-s-¸-
k-t-l-m-Z-c-\-p-w {-_-Ò-k-a-m-P «-n-c-p-¶-p. i-c-X-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-n-s-â
A-\-p-b-m-b-n-b-p-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. D-d-¨ ]-n-´-p-W-b-m-W-v k-p-`-m-j-v
{-_-n-«-o-j-v `-c-W-¯-n-s-\-X-n-s-c N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-n-\-v a-p-t-¶-m-«-v s-I-m-
t-]-m-c-m-S-m³-, s-N-d-p-¸-¯-n ï-p-t-]-m-I-m³ k-l-m-b-I-a-m-b-s-X-
X-s-¶-,1902þÂ-, {-]-a-Y-\-m-Y-v a-n- ¶-p-w A-t-±-l-w D-¶-X-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v P-\-\-w: 1889 s-k-]-v-ä-w-_À
{-X-b-p-s-S t-\-X-r-X-z-¯-n-e-p-Å P-\-\-w: 1880 s-k-]-v-ä-w-_À 4-, D-b-c-m³ I-m-c-W-s-a-¶-p-w ]-d-b- 6-, a-c-W-w: 1950
h-n-¹-h {-]-Ø-m-\-¯-n a-c-W-w: 1961U-n-k-w-_À 25 s-¸-S-p-¶-p. 1889 s-k-]-v-ä-w-_À 6\-v s-^-{-_-p-h-c-n 20
A-t-±-l-w A-w-K-a-m-b-n. C-u H-U-o-j-b-n-s-e I-«-¡-n-e-m-W-v i-c-
I-m-e-b-f-h-n A-t-±-l-w A-c- X-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-v P-\-n-¨-X-v. k-p-`-m-j-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-n-s-â a-q-¯
_-n-t-µ-m-b-p-s-S-b-p-w _-c-o-{-µ t-L-m-j-n-s-â-b-p-w A-S-p-¯ k-t-l-m-Z-c-\-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p A-t-±-l-w. 1911þÂ \-n-b-a-]T-\-w ]-qÀ-
k-l-{-]-hÀ-¯-I-\-m-b-n. 1906þ _-w-K-m-f-n-s-e h-n-¹-h-I-m- ¯-n-b-m-¡-n-b t-i-j-w A-t-±-l-w C-w-¥-ï-n-t-e-¡-v I-¸Â I-b-d-n.
c-n-I-f-p-s-S a-p-J-]-{-X-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶ b-p-K-m-´À F-¶ _-w-K-m-f-n a-l-m-\-m-b \-r-t-]-{-µ \-m-Y-v kÀ-¡-m-d-n-s-â a-mÀ-¤-ZÀ-i-\-¯-nÂ-,
]-{-X-¯-n-s-â F-U-n-ä-d-m-b-n. 1907þ c-m-P-y-t-{-Z-m-l-¡-p-ä-w i-c-X-v N-{-µ-, _-m-c-n-ÌÀ F-¶ \-n-e-b-n h-e-n-b {-]-i-k-v-X-n
N-p-a-¯-n Z-¯-s-b {-_-n-«-o-j-v t-]-m-e-o-k-v A-d-Ì-v s-N-¿-p-I- t-\-S-n. C-´-y-b-n X-n-c-n-s-¨-¯-n-b t-i-j-w A-t-±-l-w A-`-n-
b-p-w H-c-p hÀ-j-s-¯ X-S-h-n-\-v i-n-£-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. `-m-j-I-h-r-¯-n B-c-w-`-n-¨-p. ]-n-¶-o-S-v {-]-m-Î-o-k-v D-t-]-£-n-¨
1908 P-q-s-s-e-b-nÂ-, P-b-n t-a-m-N-n-X-\-m-b-n G-X-m-\-p-w A-t-±-l-w \-n-Ê-l-I-c-W {-]-Ø-m-\-¯-n A-W-n t-NÀ-¶-p.
Z-n-h-k-§Ä-¡-v t-i-j-w-, D-]-c-n-]T-\-¯-n-\-m-b-n A-t-±-l-w "k-t-l-m-Z-c³ k-p-`-m-j-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-n-s-â I-c-p-¯-p-w IÂ-¡-
A-t-a-c-n-¡-b-n-t-e-¡-v t-]-m-b-n. F-¶-n-c-p-¶-m-e-p-w-, k-z-m-X- «-b-n-s-e \-n-Ê-l-I-c-W {-]-Ø-m-\-¯-n-s-â [-\-k-l-m-b-n-b-p-w"
{-´-y-¯-n-\-p-Å C-´-y-b-p-s-S t-]-m-c-m-«-¯-n \-n-¶-v t-h-d-n-«-v F-¶-m-W-v A-¶-s-¯ C-´-y³ B-`-y-´-c h-I-p-¸-n-s-â d-n-t-¸-mÀ-
\-n-e-v-¡-m³ A-t-±-l-¯-n-\-v I-g-n-b-p-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-n-Ã. C-´-y³ «-v A-t-±-l-s-¯ h-n-t-i-j-n-¸-n-¨-X-v. 1929þÂ -'H-m-d-n-bâ-v {-]-k-v
k-z-m-X-{-´-y-¯-n-\-m-b-n {-]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶ K-±À ]-mÀ-«-n-b-n G-P³-k-n-' F-¶ t-]-c-n H-c-p h-mÀ-¯-m G-P³-k-n Ø-m-]-n-¨
A-t-±-l-w A-w-K-a-m-b-n. H-¶-m-w t-e-m-I-a-l-m-b-p-²-k-a-b- A-t-±-l-w 1940þ-I-f-n "Z-n t-\-j³" F-¶ ]-{-X-w B-c-w-`-n-¨-p.
¯-v-, `-q-t-]-{-µ-\-m-Y-v PÀ-½-\-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v t-]-m-b-n. A-h-n-s-S I-p-d-¨-v hÀ-j-§Ä-¡-v t-i-j-w i-c-X-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-v c-m-{-ã-o-b
C-´-y-b-p-s-S k-z-m-X-{-´-y-¯-n-\-p-t-h-ï-n h-n-¹-h-I-c-h-p-w {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-n k-P-o-h-a-m-h-p-I-b-p-w H-t-«-s-d ]-Z-h-n-IÄ
c-m-{-ã-o-b-]-c-h-p-a-m-b {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-n k-P-o-h-a-m-b-n h-l-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. [-mÀ-½-n-I-a-m-b-n s-X-ä-p-w c-m-{-ã-o-b-a-m-
GÀ-s-¸-«-p. b-n i-c-n-b-p-w F-s-¶-m-¶-n-s-Ã-¶-v A-t-±-l-w h-n-i-z-k-n-¨-p. C-X-v
1916þÂ s-_À-e-n-\-n-s-e C-´-y³ k-z-m-X-{-´-y k-a-n-X-n- A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-e-p-S-\-o-f-w a-mÀ-¤-\-nÀ-t-±-i-I X-X-z-
b-p-s-S s-k-{-I-«-d-n-b-m-b-n. 1930þ I-d-m-¨-n-b-n \-S-¶ a-m-b-n X-p-SÀ-¶-p. _-w-K-mÄ-, ]-©-m-_-v h-n-`-P-\-s-¯ B-Z-y-w
C-´-y³ \-m-j-WÂ t-I-m¬-{-K-k-v h-mÀ-j-n-I k-t-½-f- a-p-XÂ F-X-nÀ-¯ h-y-à-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p i-c-X-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-v.
\-¯-n C-´-y³ IÀ-j-IÀ-¡-m-b-n H-c-p I-q-«-w a-u-e-n- a-u-ï-v _-m-ä¬ ¹-m³ {-]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v a-p-¼-p-w t-i-
I-m-h-I-m-i-§Ä A-t-±-l-w \-nÀ-t-±-i-n-¨-p. A-X-v ]-n-¶-o-S-v j-h-p-w A-t-±-l-w h-n-`-P-\-s-¯ F-X-nÀ-¯-p.
t-I-m¬-{-K-k-v I-½-n-ä-n A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¨-p. H-mÄ C-´-y t-{-S-U-v C-u h-n-j-b-¯-n-e-p-Å A-`-n-{-]-m-b h-y-X-y-m-k-w a-q-e-w 1947
b-q-W-n-b³ t-I-m¬-{-K-k-n-s-â c-ï-v h-mÀ-j-n-I k-t-½-f- P-\-p-h-c-n-b-n A-t-±-l-w t-I-m¬-{-K-k-v h-n-S-p-I-b-p-w 1947 s-^-
\-§-f-n-e-p-w A-t-±-l-w A-[-y-£-\-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. h-n-¹-h c-m- {-_-p-h-c-n-b-n H-c-p {-]-X-n-t-j-[ {-]-Ø-m-\-w B-c-w-`-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w
{-ã-o-b {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-s-S t-]-c-n `-q-t-]-{-µ-\-m-Y-n-s-\ s-N-b-v-X-p. C-´-y-, ]-m-I-n-Ø-m³-, t-\-¸-mÄ-, _À-½-, k-n-t-e-m¬
{-_-n-«-o-j-v t-]-m-e-o-k-v ]-e-X-h-W A-d-Ì-v s-N-b-v-X-p. k-m- F-¶-n-h DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-n H-c-p k-w-L-S-\ c-q-]-o-I-c-n-¡-W-s-a-¶-v
a-q-l-n-I D-¶-a-\-¯-n-\-p-t-h-ï-n-b-p-w A-t-±-l-w X-o-{-h-a-m-b-n i-c-X-v N-{-µ h-m-Z-n-¨-p. G-j-y-b-n-s-e s-X-¡-p-I-n-g-¡³ c-m-P-y-
b-X-v-\-n-¨-p. s-X-m-g-n-e-m-f-n-hÀ-K-¯-n-s-â A-´-k-v D-bÀ-¯-n- §-f-p-s-S s-F-I-y-¯-n-\-v t-h-ï-n A-t-±-l-w \-n-e-s-I-m-ï-p. 1947
¸-n-S-n-¡-m³ A-t-±-l-w A-£-o-W-w {-]-b-X-v-\-n-¨-p. l-n-µ-p H-m-K-Ì-nÂ-, i-c-X-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-v t-k-m-j-y-e-n-Ì-v d-n-¸-»-n-¡³
k-a-q-l-¯-n-s-e P-m-X-n h-y-h-Ø-, s-X-m-«-p-I-q-S-m-b-v-a-, h-n-t-h- ]-mÀ-«-n c-q-]-o-I-c-n-¨-p. 1949 Â b-p-s-s-W-ä-U-v t-k-m-j-y-e-n-Ì-v
N-\-w-, k-v-{-X-o-IÄ-s-¡-X-n-c-m-b A-X-n-{-I-a-§Ä F-¶-n-h- H-mÀ-K-s-s-\-t-k-j³ c-q-]-o-I-c-n-¨-p. A-X-v c-m-P-y-s-¯ F-Ã-m
s-b i-à-a-m-b-n F-X-nÀ-¯-p. C-´-y³ k-a-q-l-s-¯-b-p-w t-k-m-j-y-e-n-Ì-v i-à-n-I-t-f-m-S-p-w H-c-p t-h-Z-n-b-n A-W-n-t-N-c-m³
k-w-k--v-I-m-c-s-¯-b-p-w I-p-d-n-¨-v \-n-c-h-[-n ]-p-k-v-X-I-§Ä B-l-z-m-\-w s-N-b-v-X-p. i-c-X-v N-{-µ-t-_-m-k-v H-c-p b-Y-mÀ-° t-Z-
A-t-±-l-w c-N-n-¨-p. X-s-â h-c-n-j-vT k-t-l-m-Z-c³ k-z-m-a-n i-o-b-h-m-Z-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.h-n-`-P-\-s-¯ X-S-b-m³ A-h-k-m-\-w
h-n-t-h-I-m-\-µ-s-\-¡-p-d-n-¨-v A-t-±-l-w F-g-p-X-n-b H-c-p ]-p-k-v- L-«-w h-s-c A-t-±-l-w ]-e-X-c-¯-n {-i-a-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-p-
X-I-w h-f-s-c P-\-{-]-n-b-a-m-b-n. 1961 U-n-k-w-_À 25þ-\-v ¶-p. 1950 s-^-{-_-p-h-c-n 20þ-\-v A-t-±-l-w A-´-c-n-¨-p.
A-t-±-l-w A-´-c-n-¨-p.

52 \yq C-´y k-am-NmÀ s-k-]-v-ä-w-_À 1-15, 2022